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A1-A2 US Citizenship Test (Naturalization)

US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) Practice Tests

10 practice tests for the U.S. citizenship (naturalization) test. Each test follows the real interview: the N-400 speaking interview with a USCIS officer, the reading test, the writing test and the oral civics test. Enter the date you filed Form N-400 and we give you the right civics test: the 2025 version (filed on or after 20 October 2025) or the 2008 version (filed before). Aged 65 or older with 20 years as a green card holder? See the 65/20 civics test below. The first 3 tests are free; the other 7 come with 7ESL Pro.

10practice tests
40minutes per test
4papers
3free tests
🗣️ Speaking (N-400 interview)📖 Reading✍️ Writing🏛️ Civics

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 1 with Answers

A free, interactive US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) practice test with answers, about 40 minutes.

TopicsInterview: Lan Thi Nguyen (Vietnam)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

This U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 1 has 4 papers — Speaking (N-400 interview), Reading, Writing and Civics. Choose a paper below to start; your browser will load the interactive version automatically.

Speaking (N-400 interview)

Part 1 — Greeting and oath

The officer greets you and puts you under oath. Listen and answer naturally.

  1. Good morning. Please remain standing and raise your right hand. Do you swear or affirm that everything you say today will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth?
  2. Thank you. Please have a seat. How are you today?
  3. How did you come to the office today?
  4. May I see your green card, your passport, and your appointment letter?

Part 2 — Reviewing your N-400

The officer checks the information on your N-400 application. Answer with full, clear sentences. You may use your own information or the applicant profile.

  1. What is your full name?
  2. Have you used any other names?
  3. What is your date of birth?
  4. When did you become a permanent resident?
  5. What is your current address, and how long have you lived there?
  6. Where do you work, and what do you do there?
  7. Are you married? Tell me about your children.
  8. Since you became a permanent resident, how many trips have you taken outside the United States?

Part 3 — Yes/No questions and word meanings

The officer asks Yes/No questions from Part 9 of the N-400 and may ask what a word means. Answer clearly; when asked for a meaning, explain in simple words.

  1. Have you ever claimed to be a U.S. citizen, in writing or any other way?
  2. Have you ever registered to vote or voted in any election in the United States?
  3. Do you owe any overdue federal, state, or local taxes?
  4. Have you ever been arrested, cited, or detained by any law enforcement officer?
  5. You said you never claimed to be a U.S. citizen. What does 'claim' mean?
  6. What does 'owe taxes' mean?

Part 4 — Oath questions and closing

The officer asks the oath-related questions and closes the interview.

  1. Do you support the Constitution and the form of government of the United States?
  2. Are you willing to take the full Oath of Allegiance to the United States?
  3. If the law requires it, are you willing to perform noncombatant services in the U.S. armed forces?
  4. Please sign here to confirm that everything on your application is true and correct. Do you have any questions for me?

Reading

Part 1 — Reading Test — read one sentence out loud

The officer shows you a sentence on a tablet. Read it out loud. You must read ONE of up to three sentences correctly to pass.

  1. Read aloud: Who was the first President?
  2. Read aloud: What is the capital of the United States?
  3. Read aloud: When is Labor Day?

Part 2 — Reading practice — more sentences

Extra practice (not part of the real test). Read each sentence out loud, then answer the question.

  1. Read aloud: Who is on the dollar bill?
  2. Read aloud: When do we vote for President?
  3. Read aloud: Who lives in the White House?

Writing

Part 3 — Writing Test — write one sentence

The officer reads a sentence out loud. Write it on the tablet. You must write ONE of up to three sentences correctly to pass. Small spelling, capitalization or punctuation mistakes are OK if the meaning is clear. Numbers may be written as words or digits.

Part 4 — Writing practice — more dictation

Extra practice (not part of the real test). Listen and write each sentence.

Civics

Part 1 — Civics Test (2025 version) — 20 questions (oral)

For applicants who filed Form N-400 on or after 20 October 2025. The officer asks up to 20 questions from the 128-question list. Answer out loud. You pass when you answer 12 correctly; the test stops when you reach 12 correct or 9 incorrect.

  1. The President of the United States is elected for how many years?
  2. The words “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” are in what founding document?
  3. Why does each state have two senators?
  4. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?
  5. Why did the United States enter the Korean War?
  6. The Civil War had many important events. Name one.
  7. When did all men get the right to vote?
  8. Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one.
  9. What founding document was written in 1787?
  10. Name one power that is only for the states.
  11. Who elects U.S. senators?
  12. What is the supreme law of the land?
  13. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.
  14. How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives?
  15. Why does the flag have 50 stars?
  16. Where is the Statue of Liberty?
  17. How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case?
  18. Why do U.S. representatives serve shorter terms than U.S. senators?
  19. Dwight Eisenhower is famous for many things. Name one.
  20. What is the economic system of the United States?

Part 2 — Civics Test (2008 version) — 10 questions (oral)

For applicants who filed Form N-400 before 20 October 2025. The officer asks up to 10 questions from the 100-question list. Answer out loud. You pass when you answer 6 correctly; the test stops when you reach 6 correct.

  1. Who is the “Father of Our Country”?
  2. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?
  3. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?
  4. Who was the first President?
  5. In what month do we vote for President?
  6. Name one branch or part of the government.
  7. Who makes federal laws?
  8. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?
  9. What happened at the Constitutional Convention?
  10. What are the two major political parties in the United States?

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U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 2 with Answers

Interview: Carlos Mendoza Ruiz (Mexico)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

Start Test 2 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 3 with Answers

Interview: Maria Santos Walker (the Philippines)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

Start Test 3 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 4 with Answers Pro

Interview: Rajesh Kumar (India)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

See Test 4 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 5 with Answers Pro

Interview: Wei Chen (China)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

See Test 5 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 6 with Answers Pro

Interview: José Antonio Hernández (El Salvador)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

See Test 6 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 7 with Answers Pro

Interview: Chinedu Okafor (Nigeria)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

See Test 7 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 8 with Answers Pro

Interview: Olena Kovalenko (Ukraine)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

See Test 8 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 9 with Answers Pro

Interview: Rosa Martínez (the Dominican Republic)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

See Test 9 →

U.S. Naturalization Test — Practice Test 10 with Answers Pro

Interview: Ji-ho Park (South Korea)Reading & writing (USCIS vocabulary)Civics test: 2025 version (20 questions) or 2008 version (10 questions)

Speaking (N-400 interview) · Reading · Writing · Civics · about 40 min

See Test 10 →
US Citizenship Test Practice 2026

The four US Citizenship Test papers

US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) is made up of four papers, exactly as in the real exam. You can sit a whole test or practise one paper at a time:

🗣️ Speaking (N-400 interview)There is no separate speaking test: the USCIS officer judges your spoken English during the whole eligibility interview, while you answer questions about your N-400 application. Practise a full interview in four parts, with the officer's questions as audio, a fictional applicant profile, model answers and “what does this word mean?” questions.US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) Speaking (N-400 interview) practice tests📖 ReadingYou read one sentence out loud from a tablet. You pass when you read one of up to three sentences correctly, and the officer stops after the first correct one. Practise with your microphone or type what you read, then press Check (we check every important word). There are three extra sentences too. All sentences use only the official USCIS reading vocabulary.US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) Reading practice tests✍️ WritingThe officer reads a sentence and you write it down. You pass when you write one of up to three sentences correctly; small spelling, capital-letter and punctuation mistakes are OK if the meaning is clear. Listen at normal speed or slowly, type the sentence and get an instant check, plus three extra sentences from the official writing vocabulary.US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) Writing practice tests🏛️ CivicsThe oral civics test in both USCIS versions. Enter the date you filed Form N-400 and practise the right one: the 2025 test (up to 20 of 128 questions, 12 correct to pass, stops at 12 correct or 9 incorrect) or the 2008 test (up to 10 of 100 questions, 6 correct to pass). The questions and accepted answers are the official USCIS wording. Choose your state once and the senator, governor and capital questions are checked for you.US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) Civics practice tests

How US Citizenship Test is scored

The real naturalization test has no score: each part is pass or fail. For the English test, the officer decides whether you can understand and answer questions in the interview, then you must read one of up to three sentences and write one of up to three sentences correctly. For the 2025 civics test you need 12 correct answers out of up to 20 questions (the officer stops at 12 correct or 9 incorrect); for the 2008 civics test you need 6 correct answers out of up to 10 questions. On 7ESL, reading, writing and civics are checked instantly with the USCIS rules and give a pass or fail result; the interview comes with model answers. 7ESL Pro members can also ask the AI examiner for feedback on their interview answers, reading, writing and civics answers.

What is the US citizenship test?

The US citizenship test, officially the naturalization test, is part of your interview with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) after you file Form N-400, the Application for Naturalization. It happens in person at a USCIS office, with an officer. It has two parts:

  • The English test, which checks speaking, reading and writing at a basic everyday level (roughly CEFR A1–A2).
  • The civics test, an oral test about U.S. history and government.

Neither part gives you a score. The officer records a pass or a fail for each one on your interview results sheet.

Test format at a glance

Which civics test you take depends on the date USCIS received your N-400, not the date of your interview. You can find it as the received date on your receipt notice (Form I-797C).

PartWhat happensTo pass
SpeakingJudged during the whole eligibility interview as you answer questions about your N-400Officer decides you understand and can answer
ReadingRead a sentence aloud, up to 3 sentences1 of 3 read correctly
WritingWrite a sentence the officer reads out, up to 3 sentences1 of 3 written correctly
Civics, 2025 version (N-400 filed on or after 20 October 2025)Up to 20 questions from a pool of 128; stops at 12 correct or 9 incorrect12 correct
Civics, 2008 version (N-400 filed before 20 October 2025)Up to 10 questions from a pool of 1006 correct

The English test is the same whichever civics version you take.

Exemptions and the 65/20 rule

Some applicants do not take the English test, based on their age and how long they have been permanent residents when they file:

  • 50/20: aged 50 or older with at least 20 years as a green card holder.
  • 55/15: aged 55 or older with at least 15 years as a green card holder.
  • 65/20: aged 65 or older with at least 20 years as a green card holder. These applicants also get special consideration on civics: 10 questions from 20 specially marked questions, with 6 correct answers needed.

All three groups may take the civics test in their own language with an interpreter. Applicants with a physical or developmental disability, or a mental impairment, that stops them learning English or civics can ask for an exception with Form N-648, completed by a medical professional. If you qualify for 65/20, read the 65/20 civics test below.

The 65/20 civics test (age 65+, 20 years as a green card holder)

Applicants who are 65 or older and have been lawful permanent residents for at least 20 years on the day they file Form N-400 get special consideration. They do not take the English reading, writing or speaking test, they may answer in the language of their choice with an interpreter, and they study only the 20 civics questions marked with an asterisk (*) on the official USCIS list.

2025 version2008 version
Who takes itN-400 filed on or after 20 October 2025N-400 filed before 20 October 2025
Questions to study20 marked questions from the 128-question list20 marked questions from the 100-question list
Questions asked1010
To pass6 correct6 correct

The two lists of 20 are not the same, so study the one for your filing date. In the official study list below, the 65/20 questions carry an asterisk (*), and in our civics practice they are marked ★ 65/20. If you do not pass, USCIS gives you one more chance, usually 60 to 90 days after the first interview.

If you do not pass the first time

You have two chances. If you fail the English test, the civics test or one part of the English test, USCIS schedules a second interview, usually 60 to 90 days after the first. At the retest you only repeat the part you failed. The parts you passed stay passed. If you fail the same part again, USCIS denies the application. You can then ask for a hearing with Form N-336 or file a new N-400. After you pass everything and USCIS approves your application, the last step is the oath ceremony, where you become a citizen.

How to prepare with 7ESL

Each 7ESL practice test copies one full interview day, and you can also practise each part on its own:

  • Speaking practice: a mock N-400 interview with officer audio and model answers.
  • Reading practice and writing practice: sentences built only from the official USCIS vocabulary lists, checked instantly.
  • Civics practice: both versions. Enter your N-400 filing date and we give you the 2025 or the 2008 test. The official USCIS questions and answers are reproduced word for word, with credit to USCIS.

Answers that change after elections and appointments were last checked on 22 September 2026. Always confirm them at uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates shortly before your interview. 7ESL Pro members can also get feedback from the AI examiner.

Tips for interview day

  • Know your own N-400. Most speaking questions come from your application, so review every answer, including dates of travel, addresses and employment.
  • Ask for repetition. Saying “Can you repeat that, please?” or “Can you say it another way?” is normal and polite.
  • Learn the key words. Questions often use words like “owe”, “claim” or “ever”; make sure you understand them.
  • Give short, clear answers. For civics, one correct answer is enough.
  • Bring your documents, including your appointment notice and green card.
Sources checked for this page

The official civics questions and answers

Study the questions exactly as the USCIS officer will ask them. Which list you need depends on the date you filed Form N-400: on or after 20 October 2025 → the 2025 version; before 20 October 2025 → the 2008 version. Applicants aged 65 or older with 20 or more years as permanent residents (65/20) study only the 20 questions marked with an asterisk (*).

Answers that change: some answers depend on elections, appointments or where you live (the President, the Speaker of the House, your senators, your governor…). Our current answers were last verified on 22 September 2026. Check uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the latest answers before your interview.

2025 version — 128 questions (N-400 filed on or after 20 October 2025)

    American Government: Principles of American Government

    1. What is the form of government of the United States?
      • Republic
      • Constitution-based federal republic
      • Representative democracy
    2. What is the supreme law of the land? *
      • (U.S.) Constitution
    3. Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does.
      • Forms the government
      • Defines powers of government
      • Defines the parts of government
      • Protects the rights of the people
    4. The U.S. Constitution starts with the words “We the People.” What does “We the People” mean?
      • Self-government
      • Popular sovereignty
      • Consent of the governed
      • People should govern themselves
      • (Example of) social contract
    5. How are changes made to the U.S. Constitution?
      • Amendments
      • The amendment process
    6. What does the Bill of Rights protect?
      • (The basic) rights of Americans
      • (The basic) rights of people living in the United States
    7. How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have? *
      • Twenty-seven (27)
    8. Why is the Declaration of Independence important?
      • It says America is free from British control.
      • It says all people are created equal.
      • It identifies inherent rights.
      • It identifies individual freedoms.
    9. What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain?
      • Declaration of Independence
    10. Name two important ideas from the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.
      • Equality
      • Liberty
      • Social contract
      • Natural rights
      • Limited government
      • Self-government
    11. The words “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” are in what founding document?
      • Declaration of Independence
    12. What is the economic system of the United States? *
      • Capitalism
      • Free market economy
    13. What is the rule of law?
      • Everyone must follow the law.
      • Leaders must obey the law.
      • Government must obey the law.
      • No one is above the law.
    14. Many documents influenced the U.S. Constitution. Name one.
      • Declaration of Independence
      • Articles of Confederation
      • Federalist Papers
      • Anti-Federalist Papers
      • Virginia Declaration of Rights
      • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
      • Mayflower Compact
      • Iroquois Great Law of Peace
    15. There are three branches of government. Why?
      • So one part does not become too powerful
      • Checks and balances
      • Separation of powers

    American Government: System of Government

    1. Name the three branches of government.
      • Legislative, executive, and judicial
      • Congress, president, and the courts
    2. The President of the United States is in charge of which branch of government?
      • Executive branch
    3. What part of the federal government writes laws?
      • (U.S.) Congress
      • (U.S. or national) legislature
      • Legislative branch
    4. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?
      • Senate and House (of Representatives)
    5. Name one power of the U.S. Congress. *
      • Writes laws
      • Declares war
      • Makes the federal budget
    6. How many U.S. senators are there?
      • One hundred (100)
    7. How long is a term for a U.S. senator?
      • Six (6) years
    8. Who is one of your state’s U.S. senators now?
      • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. senators.]

      Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

    9. How many voting members are in the House of Representatives?
      • Four hundred thirty-five (435)
    10. How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives?
      • Two (2) years
    11. Why do U.S. representatives serve shorter terms than U.S. senators?
      • To more closely follow public opinion
    12. How many senators does each state have?
      • Two (2)
    13. Why does each state have two senators?
      • Equal representation (for small states)
      • The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)
    14. Name your U.S. representative.
      • Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) representatives in Congress.]

      Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

    15. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? *
      • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

      Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): Mike Johnson

    16. Who does a U.S. senator represent?
      • Citizens of their state
      • People of their state
    17. Who elects U.S. senators?
      • Citizens from their state
    18. Who does a member of the House of Representatives represent?
      • Citizens in their (congressional) district
      • Citizens in their district
      • People from their (congressional) district
      • People in their district
    19. Who elects members of the House of Representatives?
      • Citizens from their (congressional) district
    20. Some states have more representatives than other states. Why?
      • (Because of) the state’s population
      • (Because) they have more people
      • (Because) some states have more people
    21. The President of the United States is elected for how many years? *
      • Four (4) years
    22. The President of the United States can serve only two terms. Why?
      • (Because of) the 22nd Amendment
      • To keep the president from becoming too powerful
    23. What is the name of the President of the United States now? *
      • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States.

      Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): Donald J. Trump

    24. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? *
      • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States.

      Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): JD Vance

    25. If the president can no longer serve, who becomes president?
      • The Vice President (of the United States)
    26. Name one power of the president.
      • Signs bills into law
      • Vetoes bills
      • Enforces laws
      • Commander in Chief (of the military)
      • Chief diplomat
      • Appoints federal judges
    27. Who is Commander in Chief of the U.S. military?
      • The President (of the United States)
    28. Who signs bills to become laws?
      • The President (of the United States)
    29. Who vetoes bills? *
      • The President (of the United States)
    30. Who appoints federal judges?
      • The President (of the United States)
    31. The executive branch has many parts. Name one.
      • President (of the United States)
      • Cabinet
      • Federal departments and agencies
    32. What does the President’s Cabinet do?
      • Advises the President (of the United States)
    33. What are two Cabinet-level positions?
      • Attorney General
      • Secretary of Agriculture
      • Secretary of Commerce
      • Secretary of Education
      • Secretary of Energy
      • Secretary of Health and Human Services
      • Secretary of Homeland Security
      • Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
      • Secretary of the Interior
      • Secretary of Labor
      • Secretary of State
      • Secretary of Transportation
      • Secretary of the Treasury
      • Secretary of Veterans Affairs
      • Secretary of War (Defense)
      • Vice-President
      • Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency
      • Administrator of the Small Business Administration
      • Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
      • Director of the Office of Management and Budget
      • Director of National Intelligence
      • United States Trade Representative
    34. Why is the Electoral College important?
      • It decides who is elected president.
      • It provides a compromise between the popular election of the president and congressional selection.
    35. What is one part of the judicial branch?
      • Supreme Court
      • Federal Courts
    36. What does the judicial branch do?
      • Reviews laws
      • Explains laws
      • Resolves disputes (disagreements) about the law
      • Decides if a law goes against the (U.S.) Constitution
    37. What is the highest court in the United States? *
      • Supreme Court
    38. How many seats are on the Supreme Court?
      • Nine (9)
    39. How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case?
      • Five (5)
    40. How long do Supreme Court justices serve?
      • (For) life
      • Lifetime appointment
      • (Until) retirement
    41. Supreme Court justices serve for life. Why?
      • To be independent (of politics)
      • To limit outside (political) influence
    42. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?
      • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States.

      Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): John Roberts

    43. Name one power that is only for the federal government.
      • Print paper money
      • Mint coins
      • Declare war
      • Create an army
      • Make treaties
      • Set foreign policy
    44. Name one power that is only for the states.
      • Provide schooling and education
      • Provide protection (police)
      • Provide safety (fire departments)
      • Give a driver’s license
      • Approve zoning and land use
    45. What is the purpose of the 10th Amendment?
      • (It states that the) powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people.
    46. Who is the governor of your state now? *
      • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a governor.]

      Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

    47. What is the capital of your state?
      • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]

      Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

    American Government: Rights and Responsibilities

    1. There are four amendments to the U.S. Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.
      • Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).
      • You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.
      • Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)
      • A male citizen of any race (can vote).
    2. Who can vote in federal elections, run for federal office, and serve on a jury in the United States?
      • Citizens
      • Citizens of the United States
      • U.S. citizens
    3. What are three rights of everyone living in the United States?
      • Freedom of expression
      • Freedom of speech
      • Freedom of assembly
      • Freedom to petition the government
      • Freedom of religion
      • The right to bear arms
    4. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? *
      • The United States
      • The flag
    5. Name two promises that new citizens make in the Oath of Allegiance.
      • Give up loyalty to other countries
      • Defend the (U.S.) Constitution
      • Obey the laws of the United States
      • Serve in the military (if needed)
      • Serve (help, do important work for) the nation (if needed)
      • Be loyal to the United States
    6. How can people become United States citizens?
      • Be born in the United States, under the conditions set by the 14th Amendment
      • Naturalize
      • Derive citizenship (under conditions set by Congress)
    7. What are two examples of civic participation in the United States?
      • Vote
      • Run for office
      • Join a political party
      • Help with a campaign
      • Join a civic group
      • Join a community group
      • Give an elected official your opinion (on an issue)
      • Contact elected officials
      • Support or oppose an issue or policy
      • Write to a newspaper
    8. What is one way Americans can serve their country?
      • Vote
      • Pay taxes
      • Obey the law
      • Serve in the military
      • Run for office
      • Work for local, state, or federal government
    9. Why is it important to pay federal taxes?
      • Required by law
      • All people pay to fund the federal government
      • Required by the (U.S.) Constitution (16th Amendment)
      • Civic duty
    10. It is important for all men age 18 through 25 to register for the Selective Service. Name one reason why.
      • Required by law
      • Civic duty
      • Makes the draft fair, if needed

    American History: Colonial Period and Independence

    1. The colonists came to America for many reasons. Name one.
      • Freedom
      • Political liberty
      • Religious freedom
      • Economic opportunity
      • Escape persecution
    2. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? *
      • American Indians
      • Native Americans
    3. What group of people was taken and sold as slaves?
      • Africans
      • People from Africa
    4. What war did the Americans fight to win independence from Britain?
      • American Revolution
      • The (American) Revolutionary War
      • War for (American) Independence
    5. Name one reason why the Americans declared independence from Britain.
      • High taxes
      • Taxation without representation
      • British soldiers stayed in Americans’ houses (boarding, quartering)
      • They did not have self-government
      • Boston Massacre
      • Boston Tea Party (Tea Act)
      • Stamp Act
      • Sugar Act
      • Townshend Acts
      • Intolerable (Coercive) Acts
    6. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? *
      • (Thomas) Jefferson
    7. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
      • July 4, 1776
    8. The American Revolution had many important events. Name one.
      • (Battle of) Bunker Hill
      • Declaration of Independence
      • Washington Crossing the Delaware (Battle of Trenton)
      • (Battle of) Saratoga
      • Valley Forge (Encampment)
      • (Battle of) Yorktown (British surrender at Yorktown)
    9. There were 13 original states. Name five.
      • New Hampshire
      • Massachusetts
      • Rhode Island
      • Connecticut
      • New York
      • New Jersey
      • Pennsylvania
      • Delaware
      • Maryland
      • Virginia
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Georgia
    10. What founding document was written in 1787?
      • (U.S.) Constitution
    11. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.
      • (James) Madison
      • (Alexander) Hamilton
      • (John) Jay
      • Publius
    12. Why were the Federalist Papers important?
      • They helped people understand the (U.S.) Constitution.
      • They supported passing the (U.S.) Constitution.
    13. Benjamin Franklin is famous for many things. Name one.
      • Founded the first free public libraries
      • First Postmaster General of the United States
      • Helped write the Declaration of Independence
      • Inventor
      • U.S. diplomat
    14. George Washington is famous for many things. Name one. *
      • “Father of Our Country”
      • First president of the United States
      • General of the Continental Army
      • President of the Constitutional Convention
    15. Thomas Jefferson is famous for many things. Name one.
      • Writer of the Declaration of Independence
      • Third president of the United States
      • Doubled the size of the United States (Louisiana Purchase)
      • First Secretary of State
      • Founded the University of Virginia
      • Writer of the Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom
    16. James Madison is famous for many things. Name one.
      • “Father of the Constitution”
      • Fourth president of the United States
      • President during the War of 1812
      • One of the writers of the Federalist Papers
    17. Alexander Hamilton is famous for many things. Name one.
      • First Secretary of the Treasury
      • One of the writers of the Federalist Papers
      • Helped establish the First Bank of the United States
      • Aide to General George Washington
      • Member of the Continental Congress

    American History: 1800s

    1. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?
      • Louisiana Territory
      • Louisiana
    2. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.
      • War of 1812
      • Mexican-American War
      • Civil War
      • Spanish-American War
    3. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.
      • The Civil War
    4. The Civil War had many important events. Name one.
      • (Battle of) Fort Sumter
      • Emancipation Proclamation
      • (Battle of) Vicksburg
      • (Battle of) Gettysburg
      • Sherman’s March
      • (Surrender at) Appomattox
      • (Battle of) Antietam/Sharpsburg
      • Lincoln was assassinated.
    5. Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one. *
      • Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
      • Saved (or preserved) the Union
      • Led the United States during the Civil War
      • 16th president of the United States
      • Delivered the Gettysburg Address
    6. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
      • Freed the slaves
      • Freed slaves in the Confederacy
      • Freed slaves in the Confederate states
      • Freed slaves in most Southern states
    7. What U.S. war ended slavery?
      • The Civil War
    8. What amendment says all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are U.S. citizens?
      • 14th Amendment
    9. When did all men get the right to vote?
      • After the Civil War
      • During Reconstruction
      • (With the) 15th Amendment
      • 1870
    10. Name one leader of the women’s rights movement in the 1800s.
      • Susan B. Anthony
      • Elizabeth Cady Stanton
      • Sojourner Truth
      • Harriet Tubman
      • Lucretia Mott
      • Lucy Stone

    American History: Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information

    1. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.
      • World War I
      • World War II
      • Korean War
      • Vietnam War
      • (Persian) Gulf War
    2. Why did the United States enter World War I?
      • Because Germany attacked U.S. (civilian) ships
      • To support the Allied Powers (England, France, Italy, and Russia)
      • To oppose the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria)
    3. When did all women get the right to vote?
      • 1920
      • After World War I
      • (With the) 19th Amendment
    4. What was the Great Depression?
      • Longest economic recession in modern history
    5. When did the Great Depression start?
      • The Great Crash (1929)
      • Stock market crash of 1929
    6. Who was president during the Great Depression and World War II?
      • (Franklin) Roosevelt
    7. Why did the United States enter World War II?
      • (Bombing of) Pearl Harbor
      • Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor
      • To support the Allied Powers (England, France, and Russia)
      • To oppose the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan)
    8. Dwight Eisenhower is famous for many things. Name one.
      • General during World War II
      • President at the end of (during) the Korean War
      • 34th president of the United States
      • Signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 (Created the Interstate System)
    9. Who was the United States’ main rival during the Cold War?
      • Soviet Union
      • USSR
      • Russia
    10. During the Cold War, what was one main concern of the United States?
      • Communism
      • Nuclear war
    11. Why did the United States enter the Korean War?
      • To stop the spread of communism
    12. Why did the United States enter the Vietnam War?
      • To stop the spread of communism
    13. What did the civil rights movement do?
      • Fought to end racial discrimination
    14. Martin Luther King, Jr. is famous for many things. Name one. *
      • Fought for civil rights
      • Worked for equality for all Americans
      • Worked to ensure that people would “not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character”
    15. Why did the United States enter the Persian Gulf War?
      • To force the Iraqi military from Kuwait
    16. What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States? *
      • Terrorists attacked the United States
      • Terrorists took over two planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center in New York City
      • Terrorists took over a plane and crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia
      • Terrorists took over a plane originally aimed at Washington, D.C., and crashed in a field in Pennsylvania
    17. Name one U.S. military conflict after the September 11, 2001 attacks.
      • (Global) War on Terror
      • War in Afghanistan
      • War in Iraq
    18. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.
      • Apache
      • Blackfeet
      • Cayuga
      • Cherokee
      • Cheyenne
      • Chippewa
      • Choctaw
      • Creek
      • Crow
      • Hopi
      • Huron
      • Inupiat
      • Lakota
      • Mohawk
      • Mohegan
      • Navajo
      • Oneida
      • Onondaga
      • Pueblo
      • Seminole
      • Seneca
      • Shawnee
      • Sioux
      • Teton
      • Tuscarora For a complete list of tribes, please visit bia.gov.
    19. Name one example of an American innovation.
      • Light bulb
      • Automobile (cars, internal combustion engine)
      • Skyscrapers
      • Airplane
      • Assembly line
      • Landing on the moon
      • Integrated circuit (IC)

    Symbols And Holidays: Symbols

    1. What is the capital of the United States?
      • Washington, D.C.
    2. Where is the Statue of Liberty?
      • New York (Harbor)
      • Liberty Island [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]
    3. Why does the flag have 13 stripes? *
      • (Because there were) 13 original colonies
      • (Because the stripes) represent the original colonies
    4. Why does the flag have 50 stars?
      • (Because there is) one star for each state
      • (Because) each star represents a state
      • (Because there are) 50 states
    5. What is the name of the national anthem?
      • The Star-Spangled Banner
    6. The Nation’s first motto was “E Pluribus Unum.” What does that mean?
      • Out of many, one
      • We all become one

    Symbols And Holidays: Holidays

    1. What is Independence Day?
      • A holiday to celebrate U.S. independence (from Britain)
      • The country’s birthday
    2. Name three national U.S. holidays. *
      • New Year’s Day
      • Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
      • Presidents Day (Washington’s Birthday)
      • Memorial Day
      • Juneteenth
      • Independence Day
      • Labor Day
      • Columbus Day
      • Veterans Day
      • Thanksgiving Day
      • Christmas Day
    3. What is Memorial Day?
      • A holiday to honor soldiers who died in military service
    4. What is Veterans Day?
      • A holiday to honor people in the (U.S.) military
      • A holiday to honor people who have served (in the U.S. military)

    Source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Questions and accepted answers are reproduced from the official USCIS civics test materials: 128 Civics Questions and Answers (2025 version). The “current answer” lines are added by 7ESL.

    2008 version — 100 questions (N-400 filed before 20 October 2025)

      American Government: Principles of American Democracy

      1. What is the supreme law of the land?
        • the Constitution
      2. What does the Constitution do?
        • sets up the government
        • defines the government
        • protects basic rights of Americans
      3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?
        • We the People
      4. What is an amendment?
        • a change (to the Constitution)
        • an addition (to the Constitution)
      5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?
        • the Bill of Rights
      6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? *
        • speech
        • religion
        • assembly
        • press
        • petition the government
      7. How many amendments does the Constitution have?
        • twenty-seven (27)
      8. What did the Declaration of Independence do?
        • announced our independence (from Great Britain)
        • declared our independence (from Great Britain)
        • said that the United States is free (from Great Britain)
      9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?
        • life
        • liberty
        • pursuit of happiness
      10. What is freedom of religion?
        • You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.
      11. What is the economic system in the United States? *
        • capitalist economy
        • market economy
      12. What is the “rule of law”?
        • Everyone must follow the law.
        • Leaders must obey the law.
        • Government must obey the law.
        • No one is above the law.

      American Government: System of Government

      1. Name one branch or part of the government. *
        • Congress
        • legislative
        • President
        • executive
        • the courts
        • judicial
      2. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?
        • checks and balances
        • separation of powers
      3. Who is in charge of the executive branch?
        • the President
      4. Who makes federal laws?
        • Congress
        • Senate and House (of Representatives)
        • (U.S. or national) legislature
      5. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? *
        • the Senate and House (of Representatives)
      6. How many U.S. Senators are there?
        • one hundred (100)
      7. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?
        • six (6)
      8. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators now? *
        • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.]

        Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

      9. The House of Representatives has how many voting members?
        • four hundred thirty-five (435)
      10. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?
        • two (2)
      11. Name your U.S. Representative.
        • Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.]

        Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

      12. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?
        • all people of the state
      13. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?
        • (because of) the state’s population
        • (because) they have more people
        • (because) some states have more people
      14. We elect a President for how many years?
        • four (4)
      15. In what month do we vote for President? *
        • November
      16. What is the name of the President of the United States now? *
        • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States.

        Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): Donald J. Trump

      17. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?
        • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States.

        Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): JD Vance

      18. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?
        • the Vice President
      19. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?
        • the Speaker of the House
      20. Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?
        • the President
      21. Who signs bills to become laws?
        • the President
      22. Who vetoes bills?
        • the President
      23. What does the President’s Cabinet do?
        • advises the President
      24. What are two Cabinet-level positions?
        • Secretary of Agriculture
        • Secretary of Commerce
        • Secretary of Defense
        • Secretary of Education
        • Secretary of Energy
        • Secretary of Health and Human Services
        • Secretary of Homeland Security
        • Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
        • Secretary of the Interior
        • Secretary of Labor
        • Secretary of State
        • Secretary of Transportation
        • Secretary of the Treasury
        • Secretary of Veterans Affairs
        • Attorney General
        • Vice President
      25. What does the judicial branch do?
        • reviews laws
        • explains laws
        • resolves disputes (disagreements)
        • decides if a law goes against the Constitution
      26. What is the highest court in the United States?
        • the Supreme Court
      27. How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
        • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the number of justices on the Supreme Court.

        Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): nine (9)

      28. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?
        • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States.

        Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): John Roberts

      29. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?
        • to print money
        • to declare war
        • to create an army
        • to make treaties
      30. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
        • provide schooling and education
        • provide protection (police)
        • provide safety (fire departments)
        • give a driver’s license
        • approve zoning and land use
      31. Who is the Governor of your state now?
        • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.]

        Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

      32. What is the capital of your state? *
        • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]

        Your answer depends on where you live. In the practice tests, choose your state and this question is checked for you.

      33. What are the two major political parties in the United States? *
        • Democratic and Republican
      34. What is the political party of the President now?
        • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the political party of the President.

        Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): Republican

      35. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?
        • Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

        Current answer (last verified 22 September 2026): Mike Johnson

      American Government: Rights and Responsibilities

      1. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.
        • Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).
        • You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.
        • Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)
        • A male citizen of any race (can vote).
      2. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? *
        • serve on a jury
        • vote in a federal election
      3. Name one right only for United States citizens.
        • vote in a federal election
        • run for federal office
      4. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?
        • freedom of expression
        • freedom of speech
        • freedom of assembly
        • freedom to petition the government
        • freedom of religion
        • the right to bear arms
      5. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?
        • the United States
        • the flag
      6. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?
        • give up loyalty to other countries
        • defend the Constitution and laws of the United States
        • obey the laws of the United States
        • serve in the U.S. military (if needed)
        • serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed)
        • be loyal to the United States
      7. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? *
        • eighteen (18) and older
      8. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?
        • vote
        • join a political party
        • help with a campaign
        • join a civic group
        • join a community group
        • give an elected official your opinion on an issue
        • call Senators and Representatives
        • publicly support or oppose an issue or policy
        • run for office
        • write to a newspaper
      9. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? *
        • April 15
      10. When must all men register for the Selective Service?
        • at age eighteen (18)
        • between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26)

      American History: Colonial Period and Independence

      1. What is one reason colonists came to America?
        • freedom
        • political liberty
        • religious freedom
        • economic opportunity
        • practice their religion
        • escape persecution
      2. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?
        • American Indians
        • Native Americans
      3. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?
        • Africans
        • people from Africa
      4. Why did the colonists fight the British?
        • because of high taxes (taxation without representation)
        • because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)
        • because they didn’t have self-government
      5. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
        • (Thomas) Jefferson
      6. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
        • July 4, 1776
      7. There were 13 original states. Name three.
        • New Hampshire
        • Massachusetts
        • Rhode Island
        • Connecticut
        • New York
        • New Jersey
        • Pennsylvania
        • Delaware
        • Maryland
        • Virginia
        • North Carolina
        • South Carolina
        • Georgia
      8. What happened at the Constitutional Convention?
        • The Constitution was written.
        • The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution.
      9. When was the Constitution written?
        • 1787
      10. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.
        • (James) Madison
        • (Alexander) Hamilton
        • (John) Jay
        • Publius
      11. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?
        • U.S. diplomat
        • oldest member of the Constitutional Convention
        • first Postmaster General of the United States
        • writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac”
        • started the first free libraries
      12. Who is the “Father of Our Country”?
        • (George) Washington
      13. Who was the first President? *
        • (George) Washington

      American History: 1800s

      1. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?
        • the Louisiana Territory
        • Louisiana
      2. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.
        • War of 1812
        • Mexican-American War
        • Civil War
        • Spanish-American War
      3. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.
        • the Civil War
        • the War between the States
      4. Name one problem that led to the Civil War.
        • slavery
        • economic reasons
        • states’ rights
      5. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did? *
        • freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
        • saved (or preserved) the Union
        • led the United States during the Civil War
      6. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
        • freed the slaves
        • freed slaves in the Confederacy
        • freed slaves in the Confederate states
        • freed slaves in most Southern states
      7. What did Susan B. Anthony do?
        • fought for women’s rights
        • fought for civil rights

      American History: Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information

      1. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s. *
        • World War I
        • World War II
        • Korean War
        • Vietnam War
        • (Persian) Gulf War
      2. Who was President during World War I?
        • (Woodrow) Wilson
      3. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?
        • (Franklin) Roosevelt
      4. Who did the United States fight in World War II?
        • Japan, Germany, and Italy
      5. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?
        • World War II
      6. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?
        • Communism
      7. What movement tried to end racial discrimination?
        • civil rights (movement)
      8. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do? *
        • fought for civil rights
        • worked for equality for all Americans
      9. What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?
        • Terrorists attacked the United States.
      10. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.
        • Cherokee
        • Navajo
        • Sioux
        • Chippewa
        • Choctaw
        • Pueblo
        • Apache
        • Iroquois
        • Creek
        • Blackfeet
        • Seminole
        • Cheyenne
        • Arawak
        • Shawnee
        • Mohegan
        • Huron
        • Oneida
        • Lakota
        • Crow
        • Teton
        • Hopi
        • Inuit

        [USCIS Officers will be supplied with a list of federally recognized American Indian tribes.]

      Integrated Civics: Geography

      1. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.
        • Missouri (River)
        • Mississippi (River)
      2. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?
        • Pacific (Ocean)
      3. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?
        • Atlantic (Ocean)
      4. Name one U.S. territory.
        • Puerto Rico
        • U.S. Virgin Islands
        • American Samoa
        • Northern Mariana Islands
        • Guam
      5. Name one state that borders Canada.
        • Maine
        • New Hampshire
        • Vermont
        • New York
        • Pennsylvania
        • Ohio
        • Michigan
        • Minnesota
        • North Dakota
        • Montana
        • Idaho
        • Washington
        • Alaska
      6. Name one state that borders Mexico.
        • California
        • Arizona
        • New Mexico
        • Texas
      7. What is the capital of the United States? *
        • Washington, D.C.
      8. Where is the Statue of Liberty? *
        • New York (Harbor)
        • Liberty Island

        [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]

      Integrated Civics: Symbols

      1. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?
        • because there were 13 original colonies
        • because the stripes represent the original colonies
      2. Why does the flag have 50 stars? *
        • because there is one star for each state
        • because each star represents a state
        • because there are 50 states
      3. What is the name of the national anthem?
        • The Star-Spangled Banner

      Integrated Civics: Holidays

      1. When do we celebrate Independence Day? *
        • July 4
      2. Name two national U.S. holidays.
        • New Year’s Day
        • Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
        • Presidents’ Day
        • Memorial Day
        • Independence Day
        • Labor Day
        • Columbus Day
        • Veterans Day
        • Thanksgiving
        • Christmas

      Source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Questions and accepted answers are reproduced from the official USCIS civics test materials: Civics (History and Government) Questions for the Naturalization Test (2008 version, 100 questions). The “current answer” lines are added by 7ESL.

      US Citizenship Test (Naturalization) — frequently asked questions

      What is on the U.S. citizenship test?

      The naturalization test has two parts: an English test and a civics test. In the English test, the officer judges your speaking during the N-400 interview, you read one of up to three sentences aloud correctly, and you write one of up to three dictated sentences correctly. In the civics test, the officer asks up to 20 questions about U.S. government and history, and you need 12 correct answers to pass. Both parts are pass or fail.

      Which civics test will I take: the 2025 test or the 2008 test?

      It depends on the date you filed Form N-400. If you filed on or after October 20, 2025, you take the 2025 civics test: up to 20 questions from a list of 128, with 12 correct answers needed. If you filed before October 20, 2025, you take the 2008 civics test: 10 questions from a list of 100, with 6 correct answers needed. The English test (reading, writing and speaking) is the same for both. Rules as of September 2026.

      How many practice tests are there?

      There are 10 full practice tests on 7ESL. Each one has a complete N-400 interview for speaking, three reading and three writing sentences (plus three extra of each), 20 civics questions from the 2025 list and 10 from the 2008 list. Together the tests cover all 128 questions of the 2025 test and all 100 questions of the 2008 test. The first 3 tests are free; the other 7 come with 7ESL Pro.

      What happens if I fail part of the test?

      USCIS gives you two chances to pass the English and civics tests. If you fail any part at your first interview, you are tested again on the part you failed, usually 60 to 90 days later. If you fail it again, your application is denied.

      Do some answers change?

      Yes. Questions about the President, the Vice President, the Speaker of the House and the Chief Justice need the name of the person in office on the day of your interview, and questions about your state's senators, representative, governor and capital depend on where you live. On 7ESL these questions show the date the answer was checked (September 2026) and a link to check the current answer: uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates.

      Are these official USCIS tests?

      No. They are original 7ESL practice tests that follow the public USCIS format. The civics questions and official answers come from the public USCIS list of 128 civics questions (2025 version); the interviews, applicant profiles and reading and writing sentences are written by 7ESL with the official USCIS vocabulary lists. 7ESL is not affiliated with USCIS.

      Some answers change. How do I know the current ones?

      Questions about officeholders (for example the President, the Speaker of the House, your senators and your governor) change after elections and appointments. USCIS accepts the name of the official serving on the day of your interview. Our current answers were last verified on 22 September 2026, and each page shows that date. Always check uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates shortly before your interview.

      7ESL practice material written in the public format of the U.S. naturalization test. 7ESL is not affiliated with, or endorsed by, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or any government agency. The civics questions and accepted answers are reproduced verbatim from the official USCIS civics test materials: 128 Civics Questions and Answers (2025 version, M-1778) and Civics (History and Government) Questions for the Naturalization Test (2008 version). Source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Explanations, tips and the practice format are 7ESL's own. Answers that change with elections were last verified on 22 September 2026; always confirm the current rules and answers at uscis.gov.