Master /p/ vs. /v/ Vowel Sounds with Minimal Pairs

Learning to tell the difference between /p/ and /v/ is essential for clear English pronunciation. This lesson shows you how to pronounce these sounds correctly, with simple tips and real-word examples.

How to Distinguish the /p/ and /v/ Sounds?

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What Are /p/ and /v/?

/p/

• Press both lips together firmly.

• Build up air pressure behind them.

• Release quickly for a little puff of air.

• No vibration in your throat.

Check this diagram to understand how your mouth should be positioned for /p/.

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Listen to this audio clip to hear how /p/ sounds on its own and in the word “pat.”

/v/

• Touch your top teeth to your bottom lip lightly.

• Let air flow out steadily.

• Feel your vocal cords vibrating.

• Tip: Put your fingers on your throat—if it hums, it’s /v/.

Use this diagram as a guide to place your tongue and lips correctly for /v/.

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Play this recording to get familiar with the /v/ sound by itself and in “van.”

Minimal Pairs /p/ vs. /v/ with Example Sentences

pat / vat:

• He gave the dog a gentle pat.
• The wine was stored in a large vat.

pair / very:

• I bought a new pair of shoes.
• She is very happy today.

pack / vac:

• Please pack your suitcase.
• Use the vac to clean the floor.

Minimal Pair /p/ and /v/ List