Presume vs. Assume: A Simple Explanation!

Presume and assume are two words that have the same root and only differ because they have different prefixes. However, these prefixes play a big role and, as if often happens in the English language, change the meaning of the whole word. Thus, just a few different letters can create confusion in writing and in speaking. But what exactly is the difference between presume vs. assume?

Presume vs. Assume: Know the Difference

Quick Tips:

  • Use “presume” when you’re making a judgment based on evidence, likelihood, or experience.
  • Use “assume” when you’re making a guess without much information or certainty.
Presume vs. Assume
Presume vs. Assume – Created by 7ESL

Presume vs. Assume: Definition, Usage

Presume:

  • Meaning: To believe something is true based on probability, evidence, or reasonable grounds, but without definite proof. There is more confidence or authority in presumption.
  • Use: Often used when making an informed guess or judgment based on available information or logic.
  • Examples:
    • “The court must presume innocence until guilt is proven.”
    • “I presume you’ve already heard the news.”
  • Explanation: “Presume” suggests a belief based on reasonable grounds or prior experience, often implying more certainty than “assume.”

Assume:

  • Meaning: To take something for granted or to accept it as true without proof or evidence. There is less certainty, and the assumption may be made with little or no information.
  • Use: Often used when someone is making a guess or expectation without solid evidence.
  • Examples:
    • “I assume he’ll be here by noon, but I’m not sure.”
    • “You shouldn’t assume she’s angry just because she’s quiet.”
  • Explanation: “Assume” implies a more speculative guess or acceptance of something without concrete proof.

Common Mistakes with Presume and Assume

Using “assume” when “presume” would be more appropriate:

  • Incorrect: “The judge will assume the defendant is innocent.”
  • Correct: “The judge will presume the defendant is innocent.”
  • Explanation: “Presume” is appropriate because it’s based on the legal principle of presumed innocence until proven guilty.

Using “presume” for baseless guesses:

  • Incorrect: “I presume she’s coming, but I have no idea.”
  • Correct: “I assume she’s coming, but I have no idea.”
  • Explanation: “Assume” is more appropriate here because it suggests a guess without evidence.

Presume vs. Assume Examples

Examples of “presume”

  • presume you’ve finished your homework since you’re watching TV now.
  • The jury must not presume guilt; instead, it should carefully consider all the evidence presented.
  • We presume that the meeting will take place at noon unless we hear otherwise.
  • Based on the empty house and the packed bags, the detectives presumed that the family had left in a hurry.
  • Due to his extensive experience in the field, we can safely presume he’s the right candidate for the job.
  • If you don’t RSVP to the invitation, the hosts might presume you’re not coming to the event.

Examples of “assume”

  • He didn’t say anything, but I assume he agrees with the decision since he nodded.
  • Many people assume that a higher price tag means better quality, but this isn’t always the case.
  • When you didn’t show up on time, we had to assume you got caught in traffic.
  • It’s not safe to assume that the ice is thick enough to walk on without checking first.
  • She will assume the role of director in the upcoming play.
  • The new manager will assume his duties starting next Monday.
Latest posts by Liam Daniel (see all)